Nov 20,1942 - Present
THE 46TH PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
1862 The tragic Hartley Colliery disaster claimed the lives of 204 miners and boys, leading to a change in UK law mandating multiple means of escape in collieries.
1862 The Battle of Mill Springs marks a pivotal moment in the American Civil War, as the Confederacy experiences its first significant defeat. This engagement reshapes the course of the war and its strategic dynamics.
1862 The launch of the USS Monitor in 1862 marked a historic moment in naval warfare, introducing the era of ironclad warships in the United States Navy.
1862 Astronomer Alvan Graham Clark made a significant astronomical discovery on January 31, 1862, when he identified the white dwarf star Sirius B, a companion of Sirius, using an 18.5-inch telescope now located at Northwestern University.
1862 Moldavia and Wallachia's formal union creates the Romanian United Principalities, a milestone in national identity.
1862 Union naval forces decisively quell the Confederate Mosquito Fleet in the Battle of Elizabeth City, a critical moment in the Civil War's maritime theater.
1862 The Confederate attack on Fort Donelson becomes a turning point in the American Civil War.
1862 General Ulysses S. Grant's capture of Fort Donelson, Tennessee, during the American Civil War, becomes a pivotal moment in the conflict.
1862 The Battle of Valverde unfolded near Fort Craig in New Mexico Territory in 1862, a significant clash during the American Civil War.
1862 In Richmond, Virginia, the solemn inauguration of Jefferson Davis for a full six-year term as Confederate States of America President took place during the American Civil War.
1862 In the crucible of the American Civil War, Union forces and Confederate troops clashed at the Battle of Pea Ridge in northwestern Arkansas. This pivotal engagement marked a turning point in the conflict.
1862 The Battle of Hampton Roads marked a historic naval engagement as USS Monitor and CSS Virginia fought to a standstill in the first clash between ironclad warships.
1862 The Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves, enacted in 1862, played a pivotal role in the eventual emancipation of enslaved individuals in the United States.
1862 Finland celebrates a milestone with the official opening of its first railway line, known as Päärata, linking the cities of Helsinki and Hämeenlinna. A crucial development in Finnish transportation.
1862 The First Battle of Kernstown, Virginia, on March 23, 1862, marked the commencement of Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign during the American Civil War. Though a Confederate defeat, it diverted Federal efforts in the broader context of the war.
1862 The Battle of Glorieta Pass, a critical engagement in the American Civil War, witnessed Union forces halting the Confederate invasion of the New Mexico Territory, securing the region's fate.
1862 The American Civil War surges forth as the Battle of Yorktown ignites, setting the stage for a pivotal conflict.
1862 The Battle of Shiloh commences, pitting Union General Ulysses S. Grant against Confederate troops led by General Albert Sidney Johnston, a critical clash in the American Civil War.
1862 Shiloh, Tennessee, bears witness to a decisive Union victory as the Army of the Tennessee and the Army of the Ohio triumph over the Confederate Army of Mississippi.
1862 The daring Andrews Raid, also known as the Great Locomotive Chase, commences in Big Shanty, Georgia, during the American Civil War.
1862 The Battle at Lee's Mills in Virginia unfolded during the American Civil War, contributing to the broader narrative of this pivotal conflict in United States history.
1862 The District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act became law on this day, bringing an end to slavery in the nation's capital, a momentous step towards the abolition of slavery in the United States.
1862 Admiral David Farragut demanded the Confederate surrender of New Orleans, Louisiana, a crucial event in the American Civil War that would alter the course of the conflict.
1862 Union forces, under the command of David Farragut, achieved a monumental victory by capturing New Orleans, a key turning point in the American Civil War.
1862 Cinco de Mayo witnesses Ignacio Zaragoza's heroic stand against a French invasion in the Battle of Puebla.
1862 Baton Rouge, Louisiana, saw Union Army troops occupy the city in 1862 during the American Civil War, a strategic move that had significant implications for the conflict's trajectory.
1862 A daring act unfolded during the American Civil War when the USS Planter, a steamer and gunship, was commandeered by Robert Smalls, a courageous enslaved man. This marked a turning point in naval history.
1862 President Abraham Lincoln's signing of the Homestead Act into law opened up 84 million acres of public land to settlers, contributing to westward expansion in the United States.
1862 The Peninsula Campaign brought the American Civil War to Richmond's doorstep, as Confederate and Union forces clashed in Virginia.
1862 During the American Civil War, Confederate troops made a strategic decision on this day in 1862 to evacuate Fort Pillow on the Mississippi River, paving the way for Union troops to seize Memphis, Tennessee.
1862 The Mississippi River witnessed a pivotal moment in history on June 6, 1862, with the First Battle of Memphis. In this naval engagement, Union forces succeeded in capturing the city of Memphis, Tennessee, from Confederate control.
1862 The United States and the United Kingdom reach an agreement in the Lyons Convention, addressing issues related to the transatlantic slave trade.
1862 Confederate forces, led by General Stonewall Jackson, achieved a victory at the Battle of Cross Keys, altering the course of the Civil War.
1862 Stonewall Jackson's genius shines in the Battle of Port Republic, marking the culmination of his victorious Shenandoah Valley Campaign during the American Civil War.
1862 The U.S. Congress prohibited slavery in United States territories, nullifying the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision.
1862 The assassination of Barbu Catargiu, Prime Minister of Romania, in 1862 has a profound impact on Romanian politics and governance.
1862 The year 1862 witnessed the founding of the Russian State Library, initially known as the Library of the Moscow Public Museum. This institution would go on to become a cornerstone of literary and academic research in Russia.
1862 Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, the second daughter of Queen Victoria, married Prince Louis of Hesse in 1862. He would later become known as Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse. This royal wedding added to the interconnected European monarchies of the time.
1862 During the American Civil War, the Battle of Malvern Hill occurred in 1862. It marked the final engagement of the Seven Days Battles during George B. McClellan's Peninsula Campaign, a crucial episode in the conflict.
1862 A timeless tale was shared as Lewis Carroll spun the enchanting story that would become "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland," captivating readers for generations to come.
1862 The encounter of the CSS Arkansas with Union Navy ships on the Mississippi River reshapes the dynamics of warfare during the American Civil War, altering the course of history.
1862 The challenging ascent of Dent Blanche, one of the Alps' highest summits, was achieved for the first time in 1862, a triumph for mountaineering.
1862 Henry Halleck ascends to the role of general-in-chief of the Union Army during the turbulent American Civil War, a momentous event with far-reaching consequences.
1862 In the midst of the American Civil War, Confederate spy Belle Boyd faces a fateful twist of destiny as Union troops apprehend her, consigning her to detainment within the hallowed walls of the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, D.C.
1862 The Battle of Baton Rouge along the Mississippi River during the American Civil War sees Confederate troops attempting to take the city but facing Union gunboat resistance.
1862 A dramatic chapter in the American Civil War, as the Confederate ironclad CSS Arkansas was scuttled on the Mississippi River near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, following catastrophic engine failure.
1862 The tumultuous American Civil War sees the Battle of Cedar Mountain in Virginia, where Confederate General Stonewall Jackson narrowly prevails over Union forces under General John Pope.
1862 The Dakota War of 1862 erupted in Minnesota on this date, sparking a turbulent chapter in American Indian Wars as Dakota warriors launched attacks on white settlements along the Minnesota River.
1862 American Civil War history was reshaped on August 17, 1862, when Major General J. E. B. Stuart assumed command of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia's cavalry, a pivotal military appointment.
1862 Amidst the Dakota War uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors exhibit strategic restraint by avoiding a direct assault on the heavily defended Fort Ridgely, opting to target the settlement of New Ulm instead.
1862 The opening of the Stadtpark, Vienna's first public park, marked a momentous occasion, providing the city's residents with a new space for recreation and relaxation.
1862 The American Civil War witnesses a crucial turning point with the initiation of the Second Battle of Bull Run, also known as the Battle of Second Manassas, a battle that extends until August 30.
1862 The Battle of Richmond in the American Civil War sees Confederate forces, led by Edmund Kirby Smith, routing Union forces under General William "Bull" Nelson.
1862 In the crucible of the American Civil War, the Battle of Tippermuir unfolds, with James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, leading Royalist forces to victory over the Covenanters in Chantilly, Virginia.
1862 Abraham Lincoln's reluctant decision to restore General George B. McClellan to full command after the Second Battle of Bull Run became a pivotal moment in the American Civil War.
1862 General Robert E. Lee leads the Army of Northern Virginia on a daring foray into the North during the American Civil War's Maryland Campaign.
1862 The Army of Northern Virginia's crossing of the Potomac River at White's Ford in 1862 was a critical event during the Maryland Campaign in the American Civil War.
1862 The unveiling of the Millennium of Russia monument in Novgorod celebrated Russia's rich history and cultural heritage.
1862 A pivotal moment in the American Civil War occurred on September 13, 1862, as Union soldiers stumbled upon a copy of General Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field near Frederick, Maryland, setting the stage for the Battle of Antietam.
1862 The Battle of South Mountain during the American Civil War marked a pivotal moment in the Maryland Campaign, with far-reaching consequences.
1862 Confederate forces celebrated a victory as they captured Harpers Ferry during the American Civil War, a pivotal moment in the conflict.
1862 The American Civil War saw a pivotal moment on September 17, 1862, in the Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest day in American military history. George B. McClellan halted Robert E. Lee's northward advance in this intense single-day battle.
1862 The Allegheny Arsenal explosion, which occurred on September 17, 1862, was the largest civilian disaster during the American Civil War. It had a profound impact on the Pittsburgh community and the war effort.
1862 The Confederate States mark a Thanksgiving Day, a unique and historical occurrence during a tumultuous period in American history.
1862 Union troops under William Rosecrans defeat Confederate forces commanded by Sterling Price in the American Civil War.
1862 Abraham Lincoln's release of a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, a key step toward ending slavery.
1862 At the Battle of Perryville, the Confederate invasion of Kentucky was halted, impacting the American Civil War.
1862 During the American Civil War, Confederate troops raid Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, leaving a mark on history.
1862 Amid the tumult of the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln made a momentous decision. On this day, he removed George B. McClellan from his position as commander of the Army of the Potomac.
1862 The Minnesota landscape witnessed a somber chapter in history. Three hundred and three Dakota warriors were convicted of rape and murder of whites, leading to the execution of thirty-eight and the reprieve of the others.
1862 November 9, 1862, witnessed Union General Ambrose Burnside assuming command of the Army of the Potomac, following the removal of General George B. McClellan during the American Civil War.
1862 Union forces, under the capable leadership of General James G. Blunt, secure a significant victory in the Battle of Cane Hill, decisively defeating Confederate troops commanded by General John Marmaduke.
1862 In a resolute State of the Union Address, President Abraham Lincoln reaffirms the imperative of ending slavery.
1862 The sinking of USS Cairo on the Yazoo River during the American Civil War in 1862 stands as a somber reminder of the naval warfare challenges of that era.
1862 The American Civil War witnessed a pivotal battle on December 13, 1862, known as the Battle of Fredericksburg. Confederate General Robert E. Lee achieved victory over Union Major General Ambrose Burnside, marking a crucial moment in the conflict.
1862 General Ulysses S. Grant's controversial General Order No. 11 expelled Jewish residents from parts of Tennessee, Mississippi, and Kentucky during the American Civil War.
1862 General William Tecumseh Sherman's landing of troops initiated the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou, a significant engagement in the American Civil War.
1862 In a tragic event, Mankato, Minnesota, witnessed the largest mass hanging in U.S. history, resulting in the loss of 38 Native American lives.
1862 In a pivotal moment during the American Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act that admitted West Virginia to the Union, forever altering the map of the United States.
1862 The Battle of Stones River commenced near Murfreesboro, Tennessee, marking a significant clash during the American Civil War, with both sides poised for a fierce struggle.
1862 Ulysses S. Grant and Andrew H. Foote lead Union forces to victory, capturing Fort Henry, Tennessee, in the pivotal Battle of Fort Henry during the American Civil War.
1862 The United States Congress authorized the prestigious Medal of Honor, a symbol of valor and courage in the nation's military history.
1862 A pivotal moment in naval history occurs as David Farragut rises to prominence, becoming the first officer in the United States Navy to hold the esteemed rank of rear admiral during the tumultuous days of the American Civil War.
1862 The Peninsula Campaign culminates in the inconclusive Battle of Seven Pines (or the Battle of Fair Oaks), with both sides claiming victory in this pivotal American Civil War encounter.
1862 Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard made groundbreaking contributions to science, conclusively disproving the long-held theory of spontaneous generation.
